// HERE IS A SELECTION OF USEFUL LINKS //

Symposium Paris Philharmonie : The spoliation of musical instruments in Europe. 1933-1945 
At the Paris Philharmonie, April 2022, with Claire Andrieu, Frank Bär, Pascale Bernheim, Lucile Chartain, Claire Chastanier, Sebastien Chauffour, Myriam Chimènes, Jean-Marc Dreyfus, Jean-Philippe Echard, Heike Marianne Fricke, Fabienne Gaudin, Isabelle Gendre, Florence Gétreau, Patricia Kennedy Grimsted, Pauline Hanson, Benjamin Hebbert, Corinne Hershkovitch, Birgit Jooss, Kathrin Kleibl, Christian Klösch, Olivier Krieger, Christine Laloue, Etienne Laurent, Laurence Libin, Déborah Livet, Monika Löscher , Thierry Maniguet, Emanuele Marconi, Jonathan Marolle, Marie-Pauline Martin, Miriam Noa, Elise Petit, Emmanuelle Polack, Regina Prinz, Jean-Jacques Rampal, Ines Rotermund-Reynard, Isabelle Rouge-Ducos, Theresa Sepp, Carla Shapreau, Yannick Simon , Stella (Rachel) Smith, Vincent Tuchais, Stephan Turmalin, Pascale Vandervellen, Jennifer Verson, Boris von Haken, Dominik von Roth, Bret Werb, David Zivie.

Symposium Brienz, 4./5. April 2022. International conference on provenance research
avec Michael Baumgartner, Pascale Bernheim, Robert Brewer-Young, Michael Custodis, Nikola Doll, Jean-Philippe Echard, Sophie Fetthauer, Josef Focht, Heike Fricke, Philipp Hosbach , Olivier Krieger, Jason Price, Carla Shapreau, Balthazar Soulier, Sandra Sykora, Mark Wilhelm,

Le cas Landowska, par Pascale Bernheim
in: Drost, Julia, Ivanoff, Hélène and Vernerey-Laplace, Denise (Eds.): Arts et politiques: Le marché de l’art entre France et Allemagne de l’Entre-deux-guerres à la Libération, Heidelberg: arthistoricum.net, 2022 (Passages online, Vol. 13), p. 310-327.

Carla Shapreau’s Lost Music Project
The Lost Music Project led by Berkeley professor Carla Shapreau seeks to reconstruct the history of musical material culture looted, confiscated, displaced, or otherwise lost during the Nazi era in occupied Europe, and the aftermath.

REVUE D’HISTOIRE DE LA SHOAH, n°213, Mars 2021, in French

The Nazi organizations in charge of looting paid special attention to musical instruments, both old and prestigious and familiar and commonplace. Classical music, and particularly German music, was at the heart of the Nazi regime’s staging. A « music kommando » was created within the great organization for the plundering of cultural goods, which collected the most precious instruments, as well as old scores and musicological treatises, many of which were extremely rare. Hundreds of thousands of musical instruments, stolen from all over Europe, were distributed to the German population and to the Reich museums. These instruments, which had a strong emotional dimension, were rarely returned after the Shoah. This dossier on the spoliation of musical instruments is the very first on this subject and lays down precious milestones for future research. Cairn ; Mémorial

Archives de la lutherie de Mirecourt
The archives of the greatest french violin makers

Holocaust International Resources
International Research Portal for Records Related to Nazi-Era Cultural Property

Lost Art
German Lost Art Database operated by the Foundation Deutsches Zentrum Kulturgutverluste.

The Biographical dictionary of Persecuted Musicians (Hamburg)
An ongoing project of the University of Hamburg initiated in 2005,
compiled and edited by Claudia Maurer Zenck and Peter Petersen
with contributions from Sophie Fetthauer.

The Société des Concerts du Conservatoire
D. Kern Holoman has gathered everything you need to know (and much more !) about the famous french orchestra (1828-1967)

Raub und Restitution/Berlin
Looting and Restitution Jewish-Owned Cultural Artifacts from 1933 to the Present. (Exhibition Catalog)

Looted Art in Occupied Territories, Neutral countries and Latin America: Preliminary Report, May 5, 1945

ICOM
International Committee of Museums and Collections of Instruments and Music

Fold3 – Ardelia Hall Collection – Munich Property Cards
Les fichiers des biens retrouvés dans les collecting points de Munich.

Fold3 – Ardelia Hall Collection – Omgus Records
Included among these records are reports and original documents detailing the looting operations of the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg (ERR), the involvement of Hermann Göring in the cultural looting, and plans for the proposed “Hitler Museum” in Linz, Austria.

Musical instruments museum online
The world’s largest freely accessible database for information on musical instruments held in public collections. MIMO’s database now contains the records of 81688 instruments.

Art Looting Investigation Final Report
Published by the War Departement, Office of the Assistant Secretary of War, Strategic Services Unit, Washington, 1. May 1946

Archives Nationales
Records of the Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives and of the Service de Restitutions des Biens des victimes des lois et mesures de spoliation

OBIP dossiers individuels
List of property removed from France during the war 1939 -1945

Tarisio (instruments en vente)
Tarisio is a web-based auction house specializing in stringed instruments and bows. Its online auctions provide a global marketplace for fine violin sales.

Chi-Mei Culture Foundation
One of the most stringed instruments collection.

CEGESOMA
Access to Belgian WWII archives

The Jacques Francais Rare Violins Inc.Photographic Archive and Business Records – The sales ledgers, 1845-1938
Transcription, translation, and commentary by Nicholas Sackman © 2017-2018

France’s Museum of Music Archives Collections 
Online archives collection from luthiers and instrument makers

Archives de la lutherie Mirecourt
The Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History holds the Jacques Français Rare Violins, Inc. Photographic Archive and Business Records.

ANIPO
is an international network brings together musicians and instrument makers who have decided to unite to stop the illegal traffic of instruments, and to recover and return a stolen instrument to its owner. Created by musicians for musicians and instrument makers, ANIPO (registration, use and services) is free of charge and will always be.

// MEDIAS //

Polish Great (Un)forgotten musicians
K. Naliwajek on TVP World

France Inter – 29/03/2021
Intervention de Pascale Bernheim et Corinne Hershkovitch dans l’émission Interception

OFF THE HOOK ARTS, par Pascale Bernheim
Musique et Spoliations: In search of Nazi looted musical instruments and artifacts, 28 février 2021

Le Mag, Le Monde, 28 Mai 2021
« In France, the difficult task of looted works trackers », with an intervention Corinne Hershkovitch. 

La Liberté : The looting from the commando Musik 
An article dedicated to the looting perpetrated by the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg (ERR)

The New-York Times, Jan 25 2021
Rare Violin Tests Germany’s Commitment to Atone for its Nazi past

M Le Magazine du Monde, Février 2020
Corinne Hershkovitch, a portrait (in french…. sorry !)

Akadem January 2020
Looted Music/Sciences Po study day lectures

TV5 Monde 15 December 2019
Pascale Bernheim and Romain Thierry, photographer.

Akadem November 2019

Classica November-December 2019

Pianiste, November Décembre 2019

La Lettre du Musicien November 2019

Gazette de Drouot 2017 (pdf)

France Culture
The Orphan Pianos « Les pianos orphelins ». A radio programme in french

France Musique
Musical instruments looted by the nazis.

Time of Israël
Musical instruments looted by the nazis.

Violins of Hope – Amnon Weinstein
Restoring hope by repairing violins of the Holocaust

// LEGAL ACTS  //

Ordonnance-n-2017-1134-du-5-juillet-2017
Bearing various provisions common to all cultural heritage. (pdf)

Principes de la Conférence de Washington applicables aux œuvres d’art confisquées par les nazis 3 décembre 1998
Applicable to works of art confiscated by the Nazis on December 3, 1998. (pdf)

Unidroit 1995
On stolen or illegally exported cultural objects, Rome, June 24, 1995. (pdf)

Ordonnance du 12 novembre 1943
On the nullity of acts of spoliation carried out by the enemy or under his control. (pdf)

Terezin 2009. (pdf)

Resolution du 4 novembre 99
Text adopted by the Standing Committee acting on behalf of the Assembly. (pdf)

Declaration Vilnius 2000. (pdf)

// BIBLIOGRAPHY//

The Lost Cellos of Lev Aronson
Brent, F. (2009). ATLAS & CO.

Sonderstab Musik : Music Confiscations by the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg under the Nazi Occupation of Western Europe
Vries, De -W. (1996). AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Stealing Home : Looting, Restitution, and Reconstructing Jewish Lives in France (1942, 1947)
Fogg, L-S. (2017). OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Violins of Hope – Insturments of Hope and Liberation in Mankind’s Darkest Hour
Grymes, A-J. (2014). HARPER PERENNIAL.

Liquidation of the effects of World War II in the area of Culture
Kowalski, W. (1994). INSTITUTE OF CULUTRE WARSAW.

The Spoils of World War II : The American Miliyary’s Role in Stealing Europe’s Treasures
Alford, D-K. (1994). BIRCH LANE PRESS.

Music in Terzen, 1941-1945
Karas, J. (1985). PANDRAGON PRESS.

And the Show Went on : Cultural life in nazi-occupied Paris
Riding, A. (2010). KNOPF.

The Rape of Europa : The Fate of Europe’s Treasures in the Third Reich and the Second Wold War
Nicholas, H-L. (1994). KNOPF.

La Tristesse de Saint-Louis : Jazz under the nazis
Zwerin, M. (1985). BEECH TREE BOOKS.

Most German of the Arts : Musicology and Society from the Weimar Republic to the End of Hitler’s Reich
Potter, M-P. (1998). YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

The Twisted Muse : Musicians and their Music in the Third Reich
Kater, H-M. (1997). OXFORD PRESS UNIVERSITY.

Stolen Treasure : The Hunt for the World’s Lost Masterpieces
Akinsha, K. Kozlov, G. (1995). WEIDENFELD & NICOLSON.

Chopin’s Piano : A Journey Through Romanticism 
Kildea, P. (From Page 258 to 286). (2018). ALLEN LANE.

Spoils of War, International Newsletter
Koordinierungsstelle der Länder für die Rückführung von Kulturgütern. (1995-2000). BREMEN.

Restricted area :
Access on request by email, with name and object of research.

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